The minimum temperature for parsley seed germination is 3-4°C; under such conditions, it takes about a month for parsley to sprout from the time of sowing. Slow germination is also caused by a lack of moisture and oxygen in the sowing layer. Often, less than 50% of the sown seeds germinate.
With an optimal temperature of 20°C and optimal moisture in the sowing layer, seeds begin to germinate in about 10 days. Young seedlings, once sprouted, can withstand temperatures as low as -4°C, while slightly more developed plants can tolerate even lower temperatures. Proper root development occurs at an optimal temperature of 18°C with moderate soil moisture. Temperatures around 30°C slow root growth, resulting in thin and fibrous roots.
During the vernalization stage, plants with a few developed leaves and slightly thickened roots enter this phase. Vernalization occurs over 5-8 weeks at temperatures of 2-6°C. This stage is necessary for the plant to transition from the vegetative to the generative phase and develop reproductive organs.
For growing parsley, the most suitable soils are deep, fertile, moderately heavy, and have a neutral to slightly acidic reaction. The soil should be rich in humus, ensuring good air and water retention capacity. A moderate continental climate with average daily temperatures of around 20°C and adequate moisture in the soil and air is ideal for parsley cultivation.
